why was henry vii called the winter king

There are an awful lot of books written about the Tudor era, both fiction and non-fiction, so you have to ask whether this book adds anything new. It was the end of the union of Lancaster and York and many had only accepted Henry as King because of his wifes Yorkist roots, so Henry was once more on shaky ground with his old enemies resurfacing and raising armies. [citation needed], After 1503, records show the Tower of London was never again used as a royal residence by Henry VII, and all royal births under Henry VIII took place in palaces. This family took a dim view of Henry and it was John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln, who instigated the first rebellion against him. After his death, a commission found widespread abuses in the tax collection process. Watch Henry VII: The Winter King | Prime Video - amazon.com Henry VII, also called (145785) Henry Tudor, earl of Richmond, (born January 28, 1457, Pembroke Castle, Pembrokeshire, Walesdied April 21, 1509, Richmond, Surrey, England), king of England (14851509), who succeeded in ending the Wars of the Roses between the houses of Lancaster and York and founded the Tudor dynasty . His account of Henry's government is more contentious than he lets on. On 7th August 1485, he dropped anchor at Mill Bay, Milford Haven, and when he reached the beach he prayed Judge me, O Lord, and favour my cause. The odds were stacked against him in his quest to take the throne of England. We know that Henry attended the wedding celebrations of Arthur and his bride . 8 Things You May Not Know About Henry VIII - HISTORY [5], The descent of Henry's mother, Margaret, through the legitimised House of Beaufort bolstered Henry's claim to the English throne. He was the first monarch of the House of Tudor. The father's government was an exercise in discoloration. Henry Tudor, named after his father, Henry VII, was born by Elizabeth of York June 28, 1491 in Greenwich Palace. He also enacted laws against livery and maintenance, the great lords' practice of having large numbers of "retainers" who wore their lord's badge or uniform and formed a potential private army. Winter King: Henry VII and the Dawn of Tudor England - Goodreads Henry VII, grown rich from Morton's Fork and other squeezes, was far from a bumpkin trying to break into the royal circles of western Europe--he was being courted, and he knew very well to play Castile (Hapsburg) and Aragon off against one another after Isabella died (and Catherine might very well have been packed off home to marry someone else, it was common). Stephens, "affords some illustrations of the avaricious and parsimonious character of the king". He explained how Henry VII had achieved what he set out to do, he had passed on the crown successfully. Henry started a new policy to recover Guyenne and other lost Plantagenet claims in France. [citation needed] Henry had been under the financial and physical protection of the French throne or its vassals for most of his life before becoming king. For example, they could replace suspect jurors in accordance with the 1495 act preventing the corruption of juries. Having seen it pop up in a lot of papers' Books of the Year lists, I think I was expecting something altogether more gripping and dramatic, but in the end I thought the story of Henry VII and the Tudor succession was just not an especially thrilling tale. Shakespeare later turned to Henry's son and successor Henry VIII, whose rule brought marital sensation, renaissance spectacle and the reformation. [72] Immediately afterwards, Henry became very sick and nearly died himself, allowing only his mother Margaret Beaufort near him: "privily departed to a solitary place, and would that no man should resort unto him. Hidden under the floor in St George's Chapel in Windsor, England where thousands of people walk every day, a forgotten tomb lies. Henry VII was succeeded by his second son, Henry VIII. The Great Debasement - Wikipedia [2] His father died three months before his birth. ), Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_VII_of_England&oldid=1141813382, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from September 2021, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Articles incorporating text from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from August 2021, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, Articles needing additional references from October 2020, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Katherine (2 February 1503 10 February 1503), This page was last edited on 26 February 2023, at 23:16. Celebrating the release of The Colour of Bone A London Charnel House. Since he was the second son, and not expected to become king, we know little of his childhood until the death of his older brother Arthur, Prince of Wales. The King was heavily guarded. After his victory at Bosworth Field, Henry married Edward IV's daughter Elizabeth of York. At the same time, Flemish merchants were ejected from England. [18] He was welcomed by the French, who readily supplied him with troops and equipment for a second invasion. This meant that Henry had been the rightful King in the battle and that Richard had been the usurper, and those who supported him had been traitors. Story's register still exists and, according to the 19th-century historian W.R.W. Henry VII (28 January 1457 - 21 April 1509) was King of England from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 until his death in 1509. Several of Richard's key allies, such as Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland, and also Lord Stanley and his brother William, crucially switched sides or left the battlefield. BBC Two - Henry VII: The Winter King, Backdating Henry's Reign Penn pointed out that for over half a century no king had passed on the crown without turmoil and Henry knew that what had happened to Richard could happen to him. His first chance came in 1483 when his aid was sought to rally Lancastrians in support of the rebellion of Henry Stafford, duke of Buckingham, but that revolt was defeated before Henry could land in England. [citation needed], Henry also made some political capital out of his Welsh ancestry in attracting military support and safeguarding his army's passage through Wales on its way to the Battle of Bosworth. Henry's father, Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond, a half-brother of Henry VI of England and a member of the Welsh Tudors of Penmynydd, died three months before his son Henry was born. He became paranoid and made the decision that if his people couldnt love him then they should fear him. Thanks largely to the desertion of his stepfather, Lord Stanley, to him, he defeated and slew Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth on August 22, 1485. Penn explained how Henry reworked recent events to suit him. 1517. [57], In 1506, Henry extorted the Treaty of Windsor from Philip the Handsome, Duke of Burgundy. After obtaining the dispensation, Henry had second thoughts about the marriage of his son and Catherine. 1845. When Henry VII called his first parliament he used it as an opportunity to legitimise his reign. Interesting look at the founder of the Tudor dynesty. For many he remained a usurper, a false king. (We certainly can, and do, decide what sort of king Henry was based on what he had his government get up to, however.). My obsession is European history from the 12th through 17th centuries - especially British history - so of course, when I was offered the chance to review this book, my interest was piqued immediately. By 1500, Henry felt safer and things were looking good. You can find out more on the conflicts between England and France, the Wars of the Roses and also the Tudors in our history courses. [46] In 1506 he resumed the construction of King's College Chapel, Cambridge, started under Henry VI, guaranteeing finances which would continue even after his death. [citation needed], In 1502, Henry VII's life took a difficult and personal turn in which many people he was close to died in quick succession. His claim to the throne was tenuous and permanently contested. That is, suspicious, insecure and crafty but also determined, patient and fiercely proud of his Lancastrian ancestry. [38], Unlike his predecessors, Henry VII came to the throne without personal experience in estate management or financial administration. Henry, son of Edmund Tudor, earl of Richmond, and Margaret Beaufort, was born nearly three months after his fathers death. Overblown prose trumpeting his reign seemed to be the order of the day. Henry VII's reign has yielded an evocative study, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning, ILLUSTRATION: CLIFFORD HARPER/AGRAPHIA.CO.UK. Get help and learn more about the design. He passed laws against "livery" (the upper classes' flaunting of their adherents by giving them badges and emblems) and "maintenance" (the keeping of too many male "servants"). His second son, also called Henry, inherited the throne and became . Watch with Prime The treaty marks a shift from neutrality over the French invasion of Brittany to active intervention against it. In 1621 Francis Bacon's history of the reign called Henry "a dark prince, and infinitely suspicious". [33], In 1490, a young Fleming, Perkin Warbeck, appeared and claimed to be Richard of Shrewsbury, the younger of the "Princes in the Tower". [16] With money and supplies borrowed from his host, Francis II of Brittany, Henry tried to land in England, but his conspiracy unravelled resulting in the execution of his primary co-conspirator, Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham. Wales was historically a Lancastrian stronghold, and Henry owed the support he gathered to his Welsh birth and ancestry, being agnatically descended from Rhys ap Gruffydd. Penn showed a genealogical roll that had belonged to the de la Pole family which showed Henry VI being the end of the Lancastrian line and the Yorkist line continuing on to Richard III. Henry VIII - Loss of popularity | Britannica - Encyclopedia Britannica 'Winter King,' a Portrait of Henry VII - The New York Times From his victory over Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth, to his secret death and the succession of his son Henry VIII, the film reveals the ruthless tactics . Through luck, guile and ruthlessness, Henry VII, the first of the Tudor kings, had clambered to the top of the heap--a fugitive with a flimsy claim to England's throne. What did the people of England think of Henry VIII? - eNotes.com He spent his entire reign fixated on eliminating or disarming his enemies, and stabilizing England after the bloody, seemingly endless War of the Roses. According to John M. Currin, the treaty redefined Anglo-Breton relations. Claire is going live on YouTube on 11 February! [59][60][61], He was content to allow the nobles their regional influence if they were loyal to him. Raised in France, admiring of Italian-trained lawyers (and reaping the reward of the return of a whole generation of educated English commoners who sat out the War of the Roses abroad), with good taste in Renaissance art and advised by his gracious wife and steely mother, Henry VII is a major figure, not a prequel. For instance, the Stanley family had control of Lancashire and Cheshire, upholding the peace on the condition that they stayed within the law. This approach raised puzzling questions about similarities and differences in the development of national states. Henry VII introduced stability to the financial administration of England by keeping the same financial advisors throughout his reign. The Lancastrians triumphed under the leadership of a 28-year-old exile named Henry Tudor. Soon after his fathers burial on 10 May, Henry suddenly declared that he would indeed marry Catherine, leaving unresolved several issues concerning the papal dispensation and a missing part of the marriage portion. Since we are in the middle of winter, Ive been thinking of a volume on my shelves on Henry VII, who could be called the Winter King. The Lancastrian Henry and his Yorkist wife Elizabeth strove to reconcile the factions, but unreconciled Yorkists, to whom he was no more than a usurper, harassed his reign.